I am going to post an answer here to my own question.
TL;DR: There is no such way and there is no plan to have it in near future.
You can get somewhat close experience with using components but they have many limits that you don’t really want to bring in. Also, you can’t have Dynamic Zones inside components.
There is a related discussion here: Use Dynamic Zone inside component · Issue #5798 · strapi/strapi · GitHub