For me it was necessary to change the owner of the tables (!) not just the DB to the owner ow the DB. The backup contained weird information about some other DB user, and thus the current DB user could not interact with the table.
Here is a pgAdmin script that helped me (the current DB user is 90123499, replace with your own stuff) :
BEGIN;
DO $$
DECLARE
r RECORD;
BEGIN
-- Tables
FOR r IN SELECT tablename FROM pg_tables WHERE schemaname = 'public'
LOOP
RAISE NOTICE 'Changing owner of table: %', r.tablename;
EXECUTE format('ALTER TABLE %I.%I OWNER TO %I', 'public', r.tablename, '90123499');
END LOOP;
-- Sequences
FOR r IN SELECT sequencename FROM pg_sequences WHERE schemaname = 'public'
LOOP
RAISE NOTICE 'Changing owner of sequence: %', r.sequencename;
EXECUTE format('ALTER SEQUENCE %I.%I OWNER TO %I', 'public', r.sequencename, '90123499');
END LOOP;
END $$;
COMMIT;